The timing system is indispensable for any combustion engine operation. Its main function is to move the camshaft, which will open and close the intake and exhaust valves.
The timing kit consists of at least a chain (one or more) or belt and a tensioner. It can be more complete by adding pulley, guides or even gaskets. Fit a complete timing kit with gears and/or sprockets to restore the timing to its original tolerance. Ensure the engine lubrication system is clean and functioning properly.
Do you know what are the causes of failures in the engine timing ? We tell you all of them below.
TIMING CHAIN FAILURES
Chains will only break if they subject to an excessive or irregular load. The main cause is a lack of tension, which is generated by a lower hydraulic pressure in the chain tensioner due to:
– Lack of oil.
– Blockage in the oil feed gallery.
– Contamination in the oil.
– Incorrect specification of the oil being used in the engine.
– Defective oil pump or pick-up pipe.
Occasionally, chains become noisy. This happens when the force applied to them is less than the force induced by the engine rotation. The lack of tension allows the chain to oscillate and flex, causing occasional failures.
SPROCKET OR GEAR FAILURES
The variable timing pinion depends on the oil feed to operate correctly and keep it lubricated. A failure of the variable timing pinion means that the oil feed is not working correctly due to:
– Blockage.
– Lack of oil in the engine.
– Faulty oil feed sensor or regulator.
– An incorrect specification in the oil being used in the engine.
The variable timing sprocket directly affects the load on the chain, so if it fails, it must be replaced. Not changing the sprockets will shorten the life of the new timing kit.
If any sprocket or gear is not in line with the other components, the chain will deviate from its intended path.
INCORRECTLY FITTED TIMING COVER
If the cover is not fitted correctly, a series of symptoms may appear: oil leaks, excessive noise… Removing the cover and checking the contact surface and dowels for any damage is recommended if the cover has not been fitted correctly.
ENGINE OIL
Engine oil is an important part of the engine, and it is vital that it fits to the correct specification of the engine. A mistake can compromise hydraulic components such as the timing chain tensioner.
Modern engines require an oil change at 32,000 kilometers. This extended period means that contaminants suspended in the oil can build up, reducing oil performance, blocking oil galleries and feed holes. Generally, they reduce the efficiency of the lubrication system.
WHEN DOES A TIMING KIT NEED TO BE REPLACED?
The timing chain should be replaced if the engine emits an unusual noise or the engine management indicates a camshaft or crankshaft position error.
It is not good practice to fit a new chain with worn gears or sprockets. Worn teeth can cause the chain to operate out of tolerance specifications, putting a heavier loader on the chain.
At Oryx Parts, we have timing kits applicable to passenger cars. If you need to repair this engine component, don’t hesitate to contact us.